International affairs encompass the complex and dynamic interactions between nations, international organizations, non-governmental entities, and multinational corporations. These interactions are shaped by a myriad of factors, including economic interests, political ideologies, cultural exchanges, security concerns, and global challenges such as climate change and pandemics. At the core of international relations is the pursuit of national interests, which often involves balancing cooperation and competition in a globalized world where interdependence is both a strength and a vulnerability.